Molecular docking simulation reveals ACE2 polymorphisms that may increase the affinity of ACE2 with the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein

Matteo Calcagnile (1) , Patricia Forgez (2) , Antonio Iannelli (3, 4) , Cecilia Bucci (1) , Marco Alifano (5, 6) , Pietro Alifano (1)

1 University of Salento [Lecce]
2 T3S - UMR_S 1124 - Toxicité environnementale, cibles thérapeutiques, signalisation cellulaire
3 C3M - Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire
4 CHU - Hôpital Archet 2 [Nice]
5 CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138) - Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers
6 Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP]

There is increasing evidence that ACE2 gene polymorphism can modulate the interaction between ACE2 and the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein affecting the viral entry into the host cell, and/or contribute to lung and systemic damage in COVID-19. Here we used in silico molecular docking to predict the effects of ACE2 missense variants on the interaction with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. HDOCK and FireDock simulations identified 6 ACE2 missense variants (I21T, A25T, K26R, E37K, T55A, E75G) with higher affinity for SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) with respect to wild type ACE2, and 11 variants (I21V, E23K, K26E, T27A, E35K, S43R, Y50F, N51D, N58H, K68E, M82I) with lower affinity. This result supports the hypothesis that ACE2 genetic background may represent the first "genetic gateway" during the disease progression.

Mots clés: ACE2 polymorphism; COVID-19; In silico modeling; SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein; SARS-CoV-2 infectiousness; SARS-CoV-2 severity of infection

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Matteo Calcagnile, Patricia Forgez, Antonio Iannelli, Cecilia Bucci, Marco Alifano, et al.. Molecular docking simulation reveals ACE2 polymorphisms that may increase the affinity of ACE2 with the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Biochimie, 2021, 180, pp.143 - 148. ⟨10.1016/j.biochi.2020.11.004⟩. ⟨hal-03492758⟩